Pet Healthy Ageing, Making Companionship More Powerful
发布时间：2024-09-25
Nowadays, the pet economy continues to develop at a high speed, and the number of pets is also increasing year by year. After completing the life goal of ‘having cute pets at home’, more pooper scoopers are gradually faced with the new challenge of maintaining the health of their beloved pets and prolonging their life span, and the pet owners are more and more concerned about how to slow down the aging process through various ways to ensure a healthy life for the elderly pets and improve the age-related diseases. related diseases.
Biologically, ageing is a spontaneous, irreversible and inevitable process that occurs in living organisms over time, and it is a complex natural phenomenon that manifests itself in the form of structural and functional deterioration, diminished adaptability and resistance, as well as a significant increase in the risk of a variety of ageing-related diseases.
Pathologically, aging is the result of stress and strain, injury and infection, declining immune response, nutritional deficiencies, metabolic disorders, and the accumulation of neglect and substance abuse.
With the aging process, the animal organism usually exhibits a variety of problems, including hearing loss, degenerative eye diseases such as cataracts, back and limb pain and osteoarthritis, liver and kidney failure, heart failure, and dementia, and a variety of conditions may occur at the same time, all of which are age-related diseases, the incidence of which correlates positively with age, and the progression of which is very closely related to cellular senescence.
Organismal aging is a cumulative process, and cellular senescence, as the basic unit of the organism, leads to a series of changes in its internal structure and function, and also affects the surrounding healthy cells and microenvironment by secreting relevant phenotypes, which in turn leads to the aging of tissues and organs, and thus cellular senescence is one of the driving forces of individual aging. More and more studies have shown that the removal of senescent cells is one of the means to effectively slow down the aging of the organism.
Cellular senescence is a cellular state triggered by stressful injuries and certain physiological processes,
characterised by cell cycle arrest and usually irreversible, accompanied by secretory features,
macromolecular damage and metabolic alterations [1].
Senescent cells secrete a large number of factors, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth regulators, angiogenic factors, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collectively referred to as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) [1]. During the aging process, SASP causes peripheral cellular senescence and a decline in immune system function, which together lead to the accumulation of senescent cells in the organism, gradually affecting tissues and organs, resulting in dysfunction, and then the emergence of more diseased cells that cause increased disease or aging.
It has been found that the removal of senescent cells or inhibition of SASP using senescence therapeutics can improve the healthy lifespan of animals, and the elimination of senescent cells has been shown to have a favourable anti-aging effect, which can simultaneously achieve an overall improvement in health and a reduction in a wide range of age-related dysfunctions [2].
6-8 years of age is usually considered to be the average starting age of old age for dogs and cats, with the exact age stage determined by breed, size, lifestyle and many other factors.
As pet owners gradually change their philosophy of pet ownership, more comprehensive daily care and more scientific and healthy feeding practices allow companion pets to have a longer lifespan, but prolonging their lives without ensuring their quality is meaningless; the only way to have a healthy and comfortable later life is to allow your fur child to age healthily and to maintain the ability to function as needed for a healthy old age.
Pet Healthy Aging, a new concept that refers to the process of developing and maintaining the functional capabilities required for a healthy life in older animals, that is, to enable a beloved pet to maintain good body function, stable autoimmunity, relatively adequate exercise vitality, a healthy oral environment, and digestive dynamics in the midst of the irreversible process of aging.
More and more pet owners today are choosing to take preventive measures to safeguard the health of their fur children, including purchasing foods or taking supplements that target specific states of need in order to maintain the normal functioning of systems and tissues in the body that deteriorate with age. And among the many hallmarks of aging, senescent cells have emerged as a drugable therapeutic target for extending the healthy lifespan of organisms [3].
Numerous experiments have shown that the specific removal of senescent cells contributes to the delay of aging-related phenotypes and significantly improves health and longevity [2].
Therefore, we can slow down the aging process at the cellular level by removing senescent cells and ultimately achieve healthy aging in pets so that companion animals can have a healthy and comfortable old age.
References:
【1】Gorgoulis V, Adams PD, Alimonti A, Bennett DC, Bischof O, Bishop C, Campisi J, Collado M, Evangelou K, Ferbeyre G, Gil J, Hara E, Krizhanovsky V, Jurk D, Maier AB, Narita M, Niedernhofer L, Passos JF, Robbins PD, Schmitt CA, Sedivy J, Vougas K, von Zglinicki T, Zhou D, Serrano M, Demaria M. Cellular Senescence: Defining a Path Forward. Cell. 2019 Oct 31;179(4):813-827. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.005. PMID: 31675495.
【2】Borghesan M, Hoogaars WMH, Varela-Eirin M, Talma N, Demaria M. A Senescence-Centric View of Aging: Implications for Longevity and Disease. Trends Cell Biol. 2020 Oct;30(10):777-791. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.07.002. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PMID: 32800659.
【3】Zhang L, Pitcher LE, Prahalad V, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD. Targeting cellular senescence with senotherapeutics: senolytics and senomorphics. FEBS J. 2023 Mar;290(5):1362-1383. doi: 10.1111/febs.16350. Epub 2022 Feb 1. PMID: 35015337.